AP Psychology – Social Psychology Practice Test

The Prisoner's Dilemma is a fundamental concept in social psychology and game theory that illustrates the conflict between cooperation and competition. In this scenario, two prisoners are faced with a choice: they can either cooperate with each other by remaining silent or betray the other by confessing. The dilemma arises because the optimal outcome for both individuals occurs when they both cooperate and stay silent, leading to minimal punishment. However, if one betrays while the other remains silent, the betrayer goes free while the other faces a harsh penalty. If both choose to betray each other, they both face a significant punishment.

This situation captures the essence of social traps, where individual choices that seem rational and self-serving can lead to worse group outcomes. The Prisoner's Dilemma emphasizes the tension between individual interests and mutual cooperation, making it a classic example in the study of human behavior in social situations. The concept has implications for various fields, including economics, psychology, and sociology, as it provides insight into decision-making processes and the nature of trust in relationships.